Engineering the Future:

Martian Mobility

Before the first astronauts step foot on Mars, the groundwork will be laid by an elite team of robots. Some of them will be walking on two legs, others on four legs. As the space industry prepares for the monumental challenge of building and sustaining human life on the Red Planet, it is clear that bipedal and quadrupedal robots will be central to that mission. These machines will scout terrain, construct habitats, maintain life support systems, and assist human crews in day-to-day operations.

Bipedal Robots: Human-Centric Machines for Human-Centric Tasks 

Tesla Optimus

Developed by Tesla, Optimus (or Tesla Bot) is a general-purpose humanoid robot designed to handle repetitive and physically demanding tasks. It stands at 5’8”, uses Tesla’s full self-driving AI, and is built to operate in environments designed for humans. On Mars, Optimus could assist with indoor maintenance, logistics, supply handling, and even habitat cleaning and inspection. 

NASA Valkyrie (R5)

Created by NASA’s Johnson Space Center, Valkyrie is a 6-foot-tall humanoid robot designed for future space missions. It features modular joints, vision systems, and dexterous hands, making it ideal for complex tasks like repairing equipment, installing components, or setting up life support systems in preparation for human crews. 

DLR Rollin’ Justin

Germany’s Rollin’ Justin is a highly dexterous robot developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR). Though currently equipped with a wheeled base, its upper humanoid structure allows for precise manipulation of tools, delicate instruments, and maintenance systems. Its modular design makes it adaptable for Martian tasks including laboratory assistance and habitat repairs. 

Boston Dynamics Atlas

Known for its agility and balance, Atlas is one of the most advanced bipedal robots in development. While not yet space-rated, its advanced mobility and dynamic balance make it a strong candidate for future Mars missions involving rescue, exploration, and/or high-risk terrain navigation.